In 1795, the village became a domain of the Balochi Talpur rulers of Sindh. The location of these gates corresponds to the present-day city localities of Khaaradar ( Khārā Dar) and Meethadar ( Mīṭhā Dar) respectively. The fort had two main gateways: one facing the sea, known as Khara Darwaaza (Brackish Gate) and the other facing the adjoining Lyari river known as the Meetha Darwaaza (Sweet Gate). A small fort was constructed for its protection, armed with cannons imported from Muscat. By the late 1700’s this village started trading across the sea with Muscat and the Persian Gulf region which led to its gaining importance. The village that later grew out of this settlement was known as Kolachi-jo-Goth (The Village of Kolachi in Sindhi). According to the British historian Eliot, parts of city of Karachi and the island of Manora constituted the city of Debal.Īccording to another legend, the present city started its life as a fishing settlement where a Balochi fisherwoman by the name of Mai Kolachi took up residence and started a family. It was also known as the port of Debal to the Arabs, from where Muhammad Bin Qasim led his conquering force into South Asia in 712AD. Krokola, the place where Alexander the Great camped to prepare a fleet for Babylonia after his campaign in the Indus valley 'Morontobara' port (probably the modern Manora Island near the Karachi harbour), from where Alexander's admiral Nearchus sailed for back home and Barbarikon, a sea port of the Indo-Greek Bactrian kingdom. The area of Karachi has been known to the ancient Greeks by many names. Karchi was a Hindu majority city before the Pakistan movement resulted in ethnic cleansing during the middle of 20th Century. Karachi has faced major infrastructural and socio-economic challenges, but modern industries and businesses have developed in the city, and the population expanded even after the capital was moved to Islamabad in August 1960. Upon the creation of Pakistan in 1947, the city was selected to become the national capital, and was exposed to a massive influx of immigrants from India, which radically expanded the city's population and transformed the demographics and economy. The modern port-city of Karachi was developed by authorities of the British Raj in the 19th century. Balochis are a major part of society in Malir, Lyari and Karachi west districts. Even today, Karachi is home to the largest Balochi population, numbering to more than two million inhabitants. For sometimes, it was also called Goth jo Kolachi. The Baloch tribes from Balochistan and Makran established a small settlement of fishing community and called it Kolachi. As of 2006 Karachi has an estimated population of 13.9 million.
The intervention of the Pakistani army, ISI and martial law scarred the city, but a national economic boom in the early 21st century has resulted in economic growth and prosperity for the city. In the 1980s and early 1990s, Karachi witnessed a major influx of refugees from the war in Afghanistan, and increasing political and sectarian violence between Punjabi, Pashtun, Sindhi and Mohajirs (descendants of immigrants from India). District Malir is predominantly Sindhi and Balochi. Urdu, Behari, Bengali and Gujarati speaking settlers make up majority of the population in four out of five dsitricts of Karachi. Karachi is an ethnically and religiously diverse city. The city is the financial and commercial centre as well as the largest port of Pakistan. It is located on the coast of the Arabian Sea / Indian Ocean, northwest of the Indus Delta. Karachi ( Urdu: كراچى, Sindhi: ڪراچي) is the capital of the province of Sindh, and the most populated city in Pakistan, sometimes known as the City of Light and the City of Quaid (شہرِ قائد), after Muhammad Ali Jinnah the founder of Pakistan. Related subjects: Geography of Asia Karachi
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